на главную | войти | регистрация | DMCA | контакты | справка | donate |      

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
А Б В Г Д Е Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Э Ю Я


моя полка | жанры | рекомендуем | рейтинг книг | рейтинг авторов | впечатления | новое | форум | сборники | читалки | авторам | добавить



2.6.1. How Do I Do That?

Fedora provides two tools for configuring sound: the Soundcard Detection tool and the audio mixer.

To access the Soundcard Detection tool, select System->Administration->Soundcard Detection (or Administration->Soundcard Detection in KDE). The window shown in Figure 2-21 will appear.

Figure 2-21. Soundcard Detection window

Fedora Linux

This window offers a minimal set of options: basically, you can select the default device to be used, and you can play a test sound.

To test your sound card, make sure that your speakers are plugged in and turned on, then click the Play button. You should hear a guitar chord played on the right, then the left, and then the right+left channels. If you don't, try selecting different device tabs (on the left side of the window) and PCM Device settings (at the bottom of the window) until you find a combination that works. Your system may have multiple sound cards (e.g., both a motherboard and PCI sound card), or there may be sound devices on your sound card that are not connected to a sound path that goes to your speakers; they may instead go to a modem, headphone jack, or thin air.

If you still don't hear anything, then it's time to break out the Volume Control/Mixer. In GNOME, you can do this either by right-clicking on the volume-control panel applet (the icon that looks like a speaker, shown way back in Figure 2-2) and selecting Open Volume Control, or by selecting the menu option System->Preferences->Volume Control; the window shown on the right in Figure 2-22 will appear. In KDE, select Sound and Video->KMix or, if there's a volume-control icon in your panel, right-click it and select Show Mixer Window. The KMix window is shown on the left in Figure 2-22. 

Figure 2-22. KDE KMix (left) and GNOME Volume Control (right)

Fedora Linux

To change which sound device is being configured, click File->Change Device and select the device from the list (in KMix, select the device using the "Current mixer" control).

Make sure the sound device you are configuring with the Volume Control/Mixer is the same device you are testing with the Soundcard Detection tool! 

Modern sound chips have many different inputs, outputs, and processing sections, but not all sound card designs implement all of these features, and even if the features are implemented, some of the inputs and outputs may not be connected to anything, or they may be connected to an input or output labeled with a different name. KMix presents controls for almost every available input, output, sound path routing option, and switch; GNOME's Volume Control lets you configure which controls you wish to display. This reduces clutter on the screen, but it also means that required controls may not be visible until you enable them.

To change the configuration of the Volume Control, select its menu option Edit->Preferences. The small checkbox list shown in Figure 2-22 will appear. Until you know which control does what, I'd recommend enabling all of the controls.

With all of the sound card controls in front of you, you can now experiment to see which control is preventing the test sound from reaching your ears. After each adjustment, test the result by clicking on the Play button in the Soundcard Detection tool.

First, check to make sure that your Pulse Code Modulation (PCM), Master, Headphone, and Master Mono outputs are turned up and not muted (i.e., the Volume Control speaker icons are not crossed out or the KMix LEDs are illuminated). If that doesn't solve the problem, experiment with the switches (such as External Amplifier) and the PCM output path/3-D processing.

After you have set the options you want, they will be saved and restored by default the next time you log in, so for most users this is a one-time (per user) configuration step.

Once you have found the correct sound device, select the Settings tab in the Audio Configuration window (Figure 2-21) and set the Default Audio Card and Default PCM Device. Click OK to save your configuration and exit.

Once you have sound working, you can change the volume level by placing your mouse over the volume-control panel applet and rolling the mouse wheel: away from you increases the volume; toward you decreases the volume. If you don't have a mouse wheel, click on the volume panel applet to reveal a slider control. To mute the sound, right-click on the panel applet and select Mute.

To configure sound when using a text console, type:

$ alsamixer


The AlsaMixer display is shown in Figure 2-23 . Use the left/right cursor keys to select a control, up/down to set levels, Tab to switch between the Playback/Capture (Output/Input) views, M to mute, and Escape to exit.

Figure 2-23. AlsaMixer display 

Fedora Linux


2.6. Configuring Sound | Fedora Linux | 2.6.2. How Does It Work?